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European Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research - COST Action C11 |
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Working Group 2 - Spatial planning and greenspace National
data on planning systems Spatial
planning in Poland Barbara
Szulczewska Poland Basic
information The
legislation Present
legislation on the spatial planning was adopted in
1994 as The Act on Physical Development. The most
important changes, which have appeared since then
are: · private
ownership has received protection, · planning
process has gone under public control, · public
participation has become a part of planning
procedures. It has also
vested responsibility for local planning in the
local councils. Nowadays in Poland there
are: ·
„governmental" planning - as an instrument of
national spatial development policy and ·
„selfgovernmental" one - letting
independently by regional and local councils.
So we can say,
that in general the spatial planning system in
Poland is similar to the existing planning systems
in the EU countries. However it
should be stressed that present planning system is
not stable. We are facing a revision of legislation
on spatial planning. Rapid transformation of
political as well as economical system has
risen new problems and negative phenomena also in
the field of physical development. The 1994 Act is
not able to solve these new problems. The new
legislation has been worked out and
presented in the Parliament but the project has
been abandoned due to lack of agreement on
presented solutions. We expect new initiative in
the next Parliament after election in September
2001. Administrative
location of SPATIAL PLANNING: - Ministry of
Regional Development and Construction &endash;
national and regional level - State Office
for Housing and Urban Planning (the head of the
Office reports to Minister of Regional Development
and Construction) &endash; regional and local level
There is a
strong possibility that it will be changed after
election of the new Parliament in September
2001. Organisation
of SPATIAL PLANNING Fig 2
Planning System and Greenstructure in
Poland Basic
information concerning greenstructure legislation
in POLAND (directly
relevant to urban greenstructure
development) Act on
Environmental Protection 2001 It requires
from planning documents (particularly on the local
level) to solve problems of town and countryside
development, taking into consideration
greenstructure management. It allows
establishing proportion between built-up and open
spaces necessary for nature balance preservation
(local plans and decision on land use and building
pattern) Act on Nature
Protection 1991 (last amendment 2000) · It
orders protection of greenery in towns and
villages, particularly trees and shrubs; · It
defines the term: · green
open spaces as spaces within built-up areas which
are designed for following purposes:
recreation, health, education, aesthetics; in
particular they consist of parks, squares,
boulevards and promenades, playgrounds,
botanical gardens, zoo, ethnographical
gardens, horticulture and agriculture exhibitions,
cemeteries, animal burial site, barrows
(tumulus), fortifications, domestic garden, estate
green Decree on
Classification of Building and Grounds 1996
It recognises
green areas as recreational ones (the term green
area is not used in the Act) and establishes
following types of these areas: resorts,
playgrounds, beaches, parks, squares, ruins,
old rampart, nature monuments, sport fields,
amusement grounds (parks), botanical garden, zoo,
parks. Act on
Physical Development
(1994) It concentrates
first of all on procedures not on standards but
requires taking into consideration specific
conditions for land development because of needs -
natural and cultural
environment protection. Local development plan, as
only one legally binding document can establish
conditions for development, including prohibition
of building also
for greenstructure protection and
development. To
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