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Comparison of the case studies undertaken by Working Group 1A - Ecology   The following themes were identified as being of particular interest: Theme 1: Greenstructure pattern: Can greenstructure patterns be distinguished? What are the elements of the greenstructure of the case study areas? How has the greenstructure been shaped by natural and cultural factors, and urban development? How does it relate to urban density? Theme 2: Biodiversity and greenstructure: and How does the greenstructure influence biodiversity? And how may the greenstructure create better conditions for biodiversity? The effect of fragmentation on biodiversity and planning to reverse these effects are a special issue here. Theme 3: Climate and greenstructure: How does the greenstructure influence urban climate? And how may the greenstructure create better conditions for urban climate. Theme 4: Water and greenstructure: How does the greenstructure influence hydrology (surface and groundwater)? And how may the greenstructure create better conditions for urban watersystems? Theme 5: Natural resources and greenstructure: This theme focuses on forestry and farming with special reference to the flow of organic matter. Which natural resources does the greenstructure offer and how are these used? How does greenstructure influence the flow of organic matter? How could the use of natural resources create better conditions for greenstructure development ? Theme 6: Pests and greenstructure: How does the greenstructure relate to the occurrence of pests? And how may greenstructure management and maintenance contribute to health? Theme 7: Greenstructure information: What is currently recorded on greenstructure and what should be recorded for greenstructure planning and management? How is this information used in evaluation studies and how are these assessments used in planning practice? Theme 8: How are goals set out for greenstructure planning & management, and which means (planning instruments) are chosen to realise these goals? How effective are these means to realise the goals ? Themes (First drafts) that are available for comment and discussion are highlighted above in blue:   The following are being prepared: Theme 3 (Climate): Stephan Pauleit Theme 4 (Natural resources): Eva Erhardt Theme 5 (Water): Sybrand Tjallingii Theme 6 (Management and pests): Irena Hanouskova Theme 7 (Information): Signe Nyhuus Theme 8 (Goals and means): Olli Maijala/ Sybrand Tjallingii   Theme 1: Greenstructure pattern Theme 2: Biodiversity and greenstructure Theme 3: Climate and greenstructure Theme 4: Water and greenstructure Theme 5: Natural resources and greenstructure: Theme 6: Pests and greenstructure Theme 7: Greenstructure information Theme 8: Goals and meansfor greenstructure planning & management

Working Group 1A - Comparison of Case Studies						Bibliography
						Other papers relating to people/ ecology interface
	Warsaw	Vienna	Munich	Oslo			Belgium - benefits for people
Sheffield to do	Helsinki	Utrecht	Herning	Ceské Budejovice	Comparison of case studies		UK - benefits of nature

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 updated July 2003